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STORY AT THE APPOMATTOX VILLAGE April 9th, 1865.
More than 155 years ago, General Robert E Lee of the Southern Army surrendered to the General Ulysses Grant of the Northern Army, marking the end of the American civil war that killed more than 7 hundred thousand people.
The reason for the so-called North-South War was because of the war between the two sides: The North (also known as the federation) led by President Lincoln advocating the abolition of black slave trade and the South. against this policy.
The war between the North and the South of the United States was often referred to by bloody battles between the armies of the two camps: the North army led by General Ulysses Simpson Grant and the South army led by General Robert Edward Lee.
Although General Lee attacked and severely damaged General Grant’s army many times, the Northern Army received enormous support from the federal budget and recruited more troops from black slaves. having just been liberated, General Lee’s Confederates eventually had to accept defeat.
There have been suggestions that General Lee should divide his troops and conduct guerilla attacks, but General Lee said: if the war continued, it would cause thousands of deaths. He texted General Grant that he was about to surrender.
General Grant replied, asking General Lee to choose a location to discuss the surrender. And the home of a merchant named Wilmer Mc. Lean in the village of Appomattox was chosen.
Today this house has become a national historical site, and is called Appomattox Court House.
On the day of his appointment, General Lee was dressed in a brand-new uniform and a sword, and General Grant appeared later in his usual combat suit still covered in muddy operations. The two sat in Mr. Mc’s living room. Lean and intimate chat about military memories of the Mexican war.
The story was so long that General Lee was impatient, actively mentioning, “The purpose of our meeting today is to discuss surrender.”
General Grant then took a pencil and paper to quickly write down the terms and gave them to Lee, which contained the contents of the South soldiers:
- Not considered treason and not in prison.
- The Government considered South soldiers to be ordinary citizens if they obeyed the laws well.
- Bring horses and donkeys home to help the family plow in the Spring.
After reviewing what Grant had just written, Lee said: “These things will have a good effect on my troops. They will make an important contribution to the reconciliation of our people.”
General Lee said he would return the prisoners to the North because he did not have enough food for them.
General Grant responded that he would immediately send the South soldiers 25,000 servings of dry food. He also ordered the printing of 28,231 release papers for the South soldiers.
When the news of the South’s surrendering flew to the barracks, the North intended to fire a salvo. General Grant ordered the immediate cessation of celebratory activities. He told the officers below:
– “The war has ended. They are now our people. ”
He thought that the two sides were no longer enemies, and the best way to express the joy of the North was to be unhappy at the defeat of the South.
On April 12, 1865, General Lee’s army entered the village of Appomattox to hand over its weapons.
General Joshua L. Hamberlain of the North was assigned to accept the surrendered soldiers.
Before the serious North army, he watched the defeated South soldiers enter the village with a surge of emotion.
He later wrote:
– “That moment touched me really. I decided to mark this event with an action, nothing more than a military salute. I know someone who will criticize me for this gesture. I did not ask permission nor ask for forgiveness for this action. Facing us are warriors, defeated but courageous, symbolizing the spirit of machoism, not falling apart, not suffering, despite sacrifices and nothing overpowering them. Now, they are sick and hungry, but they stare straight at us, reviving the greater spiritual bonds than ever before. There is no reason for these men not to be integrated into our steadfast United Nations. ”
After that, all of the North troops won the battle from one unit to another seriously raised their salute.
The General leading the South army, head down in sadness, suddenly realized and sat up straight on the horse’s back, raising his hand in return. He ordered the following units to follow military rituals as they passed through the Northern Army. There was no victory trumpet, no drumming, chanting, shouting victory, no words or whispers … A suffocating silence.
From dawn to dusk, the soldiers in the South raised their hands as they passed by the northern army. They handed over their weapons, the tattered battle flags of the South and returned to their homeland.
Nearly 100,000 South troops surrendered in the village of Appomattox. A few days after they all left this place, the village returned to normal life.
Every year, about 110,000 visitors visit this village. Visitors come here for inspiration, and the story they want to hear is not the final battle but the harmony of the nation and the generous provisions set forth by General Grant.
Mr. Ron Wilson, historian of Appomattox Court House said:
– “General Grant and General Lee have a very far vision. The two men acknowledged that the efforts that the two sides had put into the war had caused harsh divisions over the years, which now needed to be rebuilt. There is no need for hatred. ”
General Lee and General Grant have entered history as legends. But behind the story in the village of Appomattox is the hand of director of President Abraham Lincoln, of course also a legendary character. He often said that he expected the battle to end in tolerance.
Mr. Ron Wilson said that President Lincoln and General Grant had met two weeks earlier on the River Queen battleship in the James River. They discussed for a long time the form of the end of the war and the disturbances that might occur in the post-war period.
President Lincoln told General Grant:
– “Let them let go of their guns freely”.
(After the war, on April 14, 1865, President Lincoln was assassinated, General Lee became President of the University of Washington, General Grant was elected President of the United States for two terms 1869 – 1877).
Source: Dominic Việt Nam
Adapted from Mercy at Appomattox (William Zinsser) – Reader’s Digest
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General Director Maria Thach joint select usa 2016.
